Getting to Know about Mood Disorders
Mood disorders affect millions of people in the United States and other parts of the world every year. Depression and bipolar disorder have been pointed out as some of the most common causes of suicide in this country.
What are Mood Disorders?
Mood disorders, also known as affective disorders, are mental health problems that may possibly be caused by an imbalance in brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. They may also be caused by other medical conditions, substance abuse or traumatic life events. Examples of mood disorders are mania, depression and bipolar disorder.
What are the common types of mood disorders?
Common types of mood disorders are major depression, bipolar disorder and dysthymic disorder, a milder form of depression. Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating episodes of severe depression and mania or elevated mood. While it’s normal for people to feel sad from time to time, it’s not normal when this sadness interferes their everyday living or when it makes them lose their vigor for life.
What are the symptoms of mood disorders?
Signs and symptoms include feelings of sadness, helplessness and hopelessness that don’t go away; nagging guilt; suicidal thoughts; changes in appetite; difficulty or inability to concentrate; difficulty in engaging in tasks; veering away from relationships; social withdrawal; fatigue; and irritability. Mood disorders that include mania are accompanied with feelings of extreme energy, arousal and grandiosity that last longer than normal.
What causes mood disorders?
The direct cause of this set of psychological problems has not yet been determined. But as mentioned earlier, they are linked to neurotransmitters which are chemicals in the brain that are responsible for regulating the mood, feelings and behavior. Mood disorders may also be brought about by substance abuse like drug or drinking problem, traumatic life event such as getting involved in a war or an accident, and medical conditions that affect the brain chemicals.
How are mood disorders treated?
The treatment for mood disorders depends on the diagnosis of the health practitioner. It also relies heavily on the specific type of mood disorder. For example, treatment for bipolar disorder will be different from the treatment for depression. Generally, forms of treatment include behavioral therapy, lifestyle changes and cognitive therapy. It is imperative to get treatment as early as symptoms are detected to reduce severity of symptoms and have a bigger chance of recovery and treatment.
How do I help someone with mood disorders?
If you know anyone who expresses attempt to harm oneself or others or have suicidal thoughts, seek immediate medical care. Same is true if you experience these things yourself. Help the person follow instructions for treatment. Watch for warning signs and find out what you can do to help. Offer day-to-day help such as doing grocery shopping and working. Always be patient and polite but assertive when talking to this person. You may say these things to help: you’re not alone, I’m here for you; I understand you have a real illness; you may not believe it now but your feelings will change; even if I don’t exactly understand how I feel but I care.